ARAKAN BEFORE 1000 AD – Towards Rohingya

ARAKAN BEFORE 1000 AD By Aman Ullah The earliest name of Arakan was ‘Kala Mukha’ (Land of the) Black Faces writes Noel Francis Singer in his book ‘Vaishali and the Indianization of Arakan’. It was inhabited by these dark brown-colored Indians who had much in common with the people (today’s Bangladeshis, or more particularly Chittagonians) living on the north-western side of the Naaf River, along the adjoining coastal areas of the Bay of Bengal. The resemblance was not limited to physical features like skin color, shape of head and nose alone, but also in shared culture and beliefs. It had […]

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Mr Sultan Mahmud and Statehood of Arakan

Mr Sultan Mahmud and Statehood of Arakan By Amn Ullah “If two brothers cannot live together they must live apart independently of each other”, said Sultan Mahmud. Sultan Mahmud was a prominent leader of Burma and Muslims of Arakan. He was born and brought up at Akyab and educated at Calcutta. Mr. Sultan Mahmud was ex-cabinet secretary, an important post in British India legislative Assembly. He contested in the bye-election for Buthidaung North constituency in 1957 and elected. He was inducted into the Cabinet of U NU as Health Minister. During his tenure of Health Ministry, Akyab General Hospital, Buthidaung […]

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Muslim of Arakan and Censuses of India

Muslim of Arakan and Censuses of India By Aman Ullah A population Census is the process of collecting, compiling, analyzing and disseminating demographic, social, cultural and economic data relating to all persons in the country, at a particular time in ten years interval. The History of Census began with 1800 when England had begun its Census but the population of dependencies was not known at that time. The Census of 1972 was considered to be prominent one and it contained 17 questions, though it did not cover all territories possessed or controlled by the British. The Census of 1881 was […]

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1990 Multi-Party Democracy General Elections and the Rohingyas’ Enfranchisement

1990 Multi-Party Democracy General Elections and the Rohingyas’ Enfranchisement By Aman Ullah “The elections of 1990 are an important landmark in the modern history of Burma. After three decades… almost three decades…of military dictatorship, finally the people of Burma were going to be able to vote for a government of their choice. The elections of 1990 were free and fair. It was one of the freest and fairest that had taken place in this region at that time. But unfortunately, the results of the elections were not honoured”. Daw Aung San Suu Kyi 1990 Multi-Party Democracy General Elections, contested by […]

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Suu Kyi’s First 100 days: What We Find and Expected

By  Aman Ullah  Suu Kyi’s First 100 days: What We Find and Expected “There shall not be whatsoever discrimination. A democratically elected government is responsible for all citizens, being fair and square to everybody, harbouring loving kindness and compassion towards all,” Daw Aung San Suu Kyi. For nearly 30 years, Aung San Suu Kyi starred as arguably the world’s most prominent and revered political prisoner, a courageous champion of human rights and democracy in her military-ruled nation. As she completes her first 100 days in power on July 9 of this year, during these days what did they say, what […]

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Arakan Muslims Kheouk or Headman appointed to the charge of Division

By Aman Ullah Arakan Muslims Kheouk or Headman appointed to the charge of Division By Aman Ullah On April 26, 1826, the then Sub Commissioner of Arakan sent a report to the George Swinton Esquire, Secretary to Government in the Secret and Political Department Fort William, on the cultures and inhabitants of Arakan. According to that report, it was mentioned that: – “The province of Arracan exclusive of the capital includes 55 village Divisions or Districts, each District or Division containing according to its size from 2 to 60 Paras, or small villages, each division is placed under the control […]

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The Modern from of Arakan is Derived from Arabic ( Noya cokól ór Arakan Arob ottú aiccé)

The Modern form of Arakan is Derived from Arabic By Aman Ullah “The modern form of Arakan said to be derived from the Arabic ‘Al-Rakhang’” …Professor Hodivala “Arekadesa could also be read Anekadesa”….Dr. Pamela Gutman Pamela Gutman was born in Adelaide, South Australia. Her tertiary education was at the University of Vienna, where she studied German, Philosophy, and Art History, and then at The Australian National University, where she studied Bahasa Indonesia, Old Javanese, and Sanskrit. She was first sent to Arakan in 1972 by G.H. Luce, the foremost historian of Burma. She wrote her doctoral thesis on Arakan and took […]

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Rohingyas are de jure citizens of Burma (Ruáinga ókkol kaanuní Bormár decóitta)

Rohingyas are de jure citizens of Burma By Aman Ullah “Everyone has the right to a nationality,” and “no one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality.” Universal Declaration of Human Rights In January 1947, Aung San led a small delegation to Landon to discuss Burma’s political future. The outcome of this visit was ‘Aung San-Atlee Agreement’, which was signed on 27th January 1947. According to that agreement, which said, ‘in order to decide on the future of Burma a Constituent Assembly shall be elected within four months instead of Legislature under the Act of 1935. For this purpose the […]

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The Etymology of Magh ( Magh Hontí Aiccé)

The Etymology of Magh By Aman Ullah Mohan Ghosh wrote in his book ‘Magh Raiders of Bengal’ that, “In 8th century under the Hindu revivalist leader, Sankaracharijya, Buddhists in India were persecuted in large-scale. In Magadah, old Bihar of India, Buddhists were so ruthlessly oppressed by chauvinist Hindus and rival Mahayana sect of Buddhists that large numbers of Hinayana Buddhists had been compelled to flee eastward who ultimately found shelter in Arakan under the Chandra kings.” These Buddhist immigrants assumed the name Magh as they have migrated from Magadah. The term Magh suggests that the word is derived from Maghada, […]

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Dr Edward Johnston & Anandacandra Stone Inscription

Dr Edward Hamilton Johnston and Anandacandra Stone Inscription By Aman Ullah Edward Hamilton Johnston (1885 –1942) was a British oriental scholar who was Boden Professor of Sanskrit at the University of Oxford from 1937 until his death. Edward Hamilton Johnston was born in 1885 and was educated at New College, Oxford where he obtained a first-class degree in 1907. He joined the Indian Civil Service, winning the Boden Sanskrit Scholarship during his probation, and worked in India from 1909 onwards in various capacities. He took the opportunity to retire in 1924 after working in India for 15 years, and returned […]

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